What is a Hangyoku in Japan?

Hangyoku meaning

“Hangyoku” can also refer to a young apprentice of geisha in certain regions of Japan, particularly in Tokyo. A young apprentice gaisha is know as “maiko” in Kyoto area.

In the world of geisha, a hangyoku is a young girl who is training to become a geisha. The term “hangyoku” literally means “half-sphere “ in Japanese, and it is used to refer to a young apprentice who is still in the early stages of her training. Sphere is a metaphor of perfection.

Some say that the name “hangyoku” comes from the fact that “gyodai”, the time charge for apprentice geisha used to be half of the cost of a full-fledged geisha.

Hangyoku typically begin their training between the ages of 13 and 18, and they undergo a rigorous apprenticeship that can last several years.

During their apprenticeship, hangyoku learn various skills such as dancing, singing, playing traditional instruments, and entertaining guests. They also learn the art of conversation and social etiquette, as well as how to dress and apply makeup in the traditional geisha style.

In Kyoto, hangyoku are referred to as “maiko,” which is short for “geiko no mai” (dancing girl). Maiko are highly respected in Kyoto’s cultural scene, and they are often called upon to perform at traditional festivals and events.

In the past, young girls in the age range of today’s upper elementary school to high school students used to work as hangyoku, but today, due to legal restrictions, one must be at least 18 years old (students are not allowed) to start working as a hangyoku. In Kyoto this a little different and girls as young as 15 can work as maiko. Perhaps this is due to the long tradition rooted in the Kyoto area.